{"id":293,"date":"2024-08-19T18:33:59","date_gmt":"2024-08-19T18:33:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.pd-drava.hr\/?p=293"},"modified":"2024-08-19T19:23:03","modified_gmt":"2024-08-19T19:23:03","slug":"monitoringa-ptica-na-rijekama-muri-dravi-i-dunavu-tijekom-2024-godine","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.pd-drava.hr\/index.php\/monitoringa-ptica-na-rijekama-muri-dravi-i-dunavu-tijekom-2024-godine\/","title":{"rendered":"Monitoring ptica na rijekama Muri, Dravi i Dunavu tijekom 2024. godine"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t
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Ova godina ozna\u010dava punih 20 godina monitoringa ptica na posljednjih 256 kilometara rijeke Drave. Ovo je jedan od najdu\u017eih monitoringa ptica proveden u kontinuitetu na tako velikom podru\u010dju, a proveli su ga \u010dlanovi udruge Prirodoslovno dru\u0161tvo “Drava”. Tijekom ovogodi\u0161njeg monitoringa rijeka Mure, Drave i Dunava zabilje\u017eeni su vrlo visoki vodostaji kroz dug period tijekom sezone gnije\u017e\u0111enja, a ve\u0107ina sprudova i ni\u017eih strmih obala bila su poplavljena. \u0160to je negativno utjecalo na gnije\u017e\u0111enje ptica sprudova i strmih obala.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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Prikupljeni podatci obradit \u0107e se tijekom narednih mjeseci. Ukupno je \u010damcem prije\u0111eno 126\u00a0rkm rijeke Dunava, 73 rkm rijeke Mure i 256\u00a0rkm rijeke Drave, odnosno ukupno 455\u00a0rkm.<\/p>

Iako su uvjeti na rijekama bili nepovoljni za gnije\u017e\u0111enje ptica, zabilje\u017eeno je njihovo gnije\u017e\u0111enje na rijekama. Najbolja situacija je na rijeci Dravi koja je u nekim dijelovima svog toka dovoljno o\u010duvana te je pogodna za gnije\u017e\u0111enje ciljanih vrsta.<\/p>

Ciljne vrste monitoringa su podijeljene u ptice strmih obala, ptice sprudova, vodarice i grabljivice.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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Rijeka Dunav<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Rijeka Mura<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Stari tok rijeke Drave<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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Ptice strmih obala<\/strong> je skupina ptica koje gnijezde u strmim rije\u010dnim obalama nastalim bo\u010dnom erozijom rijeka. \u0160to je ujedno i jedno od najugro\u017eenijih stani\u0161ta. U ovu grupu ubrajamo bregunice (Riparia<\/em>\u00a0<\/em>riparia<\/em>), p\u010delarice (Merops<\/em>\u00a0<\/em>apiaster<\/em>) i vodomara (Alcedo<\/em>\u00a0<\/em>atthis<\/em>). Ove vrste za gnije\u017e\u0111enje kopaju rupe u strmim obalama koje su od pogodnog sedimenta za tu vrstu. Npr. bregunice preferiraju mek\u0161i sediment sastavljen ve\u0107inom od pijeska i ne\u0161to malo od finijeg sedimenta. Dok p\u010delarice i vodomar mogu rupe kopati i u tvr\u0111em sedimentu. Bregunice i p\u010delarice gnijezde u kolonijama dok je vodomar teritorijalna poligamna vrsta koja gnijezdi solitarno ali i \u010desto puta na rubovima kolonija bregunica i p\u010delarica. Ova skupina ptice je zna\u010dajna jer nam pokazuje trenutno stanje rijeka. \u0160to podrazumijeva da je rijeka u prirodnom stanju, odnosno da njezine obale nisu utvr\u0111ene\u00a0 ljudskom aktivno\u0161\u0107u.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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Bregunica<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Bregunica u gnijezdu<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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Bregunica<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Kolonija bregunica - Donja Dubrava<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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Gnijezdo vodomara i ilegalna izgradnja<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Gnijezdo vodomara<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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P<\/strong>tice sprudova<\/strong> spadaju u skupinu ptica koje gnijezde na tlu, odnosno pje\u0161\u010danim i \u0161ljun\u010danim sprudovima rijeka. Zbog ljudskih aktivnosti sprudova je sve manje (utvr\u0111ivanje obala rijeka, kanaliziranje rijeka, va\u0111enje sedimenta i pregra\u0111ivanje rijeka) \u0161to posljedi\u010dno ima utjecaj na populacije ptica ove skupine. U ovu skupinu ubrajamo kulika\u00a0sljep\u010di\u0107a (Charadrius<\/em>\u00a0<\/em>dubius<\/em>), malu prutku (Achtitis<\/em>\u00a0<\/em>hypoleuco<\/em>s<\/em>), crvenokljunu \u010digru (Sterna<\/em>\u00a0<\/em>hirundo<\/em>) i malu \u010digru (Stern<\/em>a<\/em>\u00a0<\/em>albifrons<\/em>). <\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Kulik sljep\u010di\u0107<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Kulik sljep\u010di\u0107 na gnijezdu<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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Ptice ove skupine \u010desto puta ima reducirana gnijezda i te\u0161ka ga je uop\u0107e uo\u010diti, \u0161to predstavlja veliku opasnost za ptice ovih skupina zbog nenamjernog ga\u017eenja jaja na sprudovima. Jaja su vrlo sli\u010dna oblikom i veli\u010dinom \u0161ljunku te ih je te\u0161ko uo\u010diti.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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Crvenokljuna \u010digra<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Jaja crvenokljune \u010digre<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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Dodatnu opasnost za ovu skupinu predstavlja oscilacija vode koja mo\u017ee biti prirodna ili antropogeno izazvana ve\u0107im protokom vode na hidrocentralama tijekom sezone gnije\u017e\u0111enja.\u00a0<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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Napu\u0161teni brod za va\u0111enje \u0161odera<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Illegalna izgradnja pokraj rijeke<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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V<\/strong>odarice<\/strong> spadaju u skupinu ptica koja naseljavaju vodena stani\u0161ta. Ve\u0107i broj ovih vrsta gnijezdi na mo\u010dvarnim stani\u0161tima uz rijeke, a na rijeke se dolaze hraniti. <\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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Divlja patka<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Kormoran<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Divlja patka<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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Ova skupina tako\u0111er pokazuje u kakvome je stanju rijeka i zaobalje. U ovu skupinu ptica\u00a0ubrajamo patke, guske, \u010daplje rode, galebove, kormorane, gnjurce, ronce i ostale.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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Veliki ronac<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Divlja patka<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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G<\/strong>rab<\/strong>ljivice<\/strong> spadaju u skupinu ptica koje se hrane hvataju\u0107i plijen nogama. Budu\u0107i da ova skupina pripada na vrhu hranidbenog lanca njihova brojnost na mo\u017ee ukazati na zdravlje stani\u0161ta, odnosno kapaciteta stani\u0161ta. Najva\u017enija vrsta grabljivica koju mi promatramo je\u00a0 \u0161tekavac (Haliaeetus<\/em>\u00a0<\/em>albicilla<\/em>). Zato \u0161to je direktno vezan za vodena stani\u0161ta, zbog svoje specifi\u010dne ishrane. Ostale bitne vrste su: crna lunja (Milvus<\/em>\u00a0<\/em>migrans<\/em>), eja mo\u010dvarica (Circus<\/em>\u00a0<\/em>aeruginosus<\/em>), buko\u010d (Pandion<\/em>\u00a0<\/em>haliaetus<\/em>).<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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Eja mo\u010dvarica<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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\u0160tekavac<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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Monitoring se provodi iz \u010damca tijekom dnevne vidljivosti i malom brzinom kako bi se \u0161to bolje uo\u010dile vrste ptica i ne uznemirile. Cilj ovog monitoringa je pra\u0107enje stanja i kako bi se utvrdio trend brojnosti pojedinih ptica. Tako\u0111er da se doprinese za\u0161titi na\u0161ih rijeka.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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Na \u010damcu istra\u017eiva\u010di provode ve\u0107i dio dana, izlo\u017eeni vremenskim nepogodama, \u0161to podrazumijeva izuzetno jako sun\u010devo zra\u010denje koje je dodatno poja\u010dano refleksijom vodene povr\u0161ine, nemogu\u0107nosti sklanjanja od zraka. \u010cesto puta jutarnje hladno\u0107e, ki\u0161e, vjetar i prskanja vode u \u010damac, obilje komaraca i \u010desto puta obada. Promatranje se je vr\u0161ilo pomo\u0107u opti\u010dkih pomagala (dalekozor), a evidentiranje pomo\u0107u GPS ure\u0111aja i fotoaparata. Sva ova oprema izlo\u017eena je brzom propadanju zbog navedenih nepovoljnih uvjeta.<\/p>

Monitoring ptica 2024. godine rijeka Mure, Drave i Dunava proveden je uz pomo\u0107 WWF Austrije. U monitoringu su sudjelovali \u010dlanovi udruge: Ivan Darko Grlica, \u017deljko Deskar i Ivan Grlica.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Ova godina ozna\u010dava punih 20 godina monitoringa ptica na posljednjih 256 kilometara rijeke Drave. Ovo je jedan od najdu\u017eih monitoringa ptica proveden u kontinuitetu na tako velikom podru\u010dju, a proveli su ga \u010dlanovi udruge Prirodoslovno dru\u0161tvo “Drava”. Tijekom ovogodi\u0161njeg monitoringa rijeka Mure, Drave i Dunava zabilje\u017eeni su vrlo visoki vodostaji kroz dug period tijekom sezone…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[21],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-293","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-aktivnosti"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pd-drava.hr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/293","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pd-drava.hr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pd-drava.hr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pd-drava.hr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pd-drava.hr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=293"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.pd-drava.hr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/293\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pd-drava.hr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=293"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pd-drava.hr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=293"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pd-drava.hr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=293"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}